In this report, we analysed whether single-step scaffold-based cartilage repair in combination with microfracturing (MFx) is more effective and safe in comparison to microfracturing alone, or as effective but safer in comparison to (matrix-induced) autologous chondrocyte implantation.

In total, data from three controlled trials that met our inclusion criteria were extracted. It appears that single-step scaffold-assisted cartilage repair in combination with MFx leads to similar short to medium-term (up to five years follow-up) results, compared to MFx alone. Overall, the strength of the evidence was low.

At the moment, it seems too early to include single-step scaffold-assisted cartilage repair of the knee in the Austrian catalogue of benefits. A re-evaluation is recommended for 2018 at the earliest.